Clip art vector showing two doctors examining diabetic foot ulcer

There are currently an estimated 4.8 million people in the UK living with diabetes. Of that cohort, approximately 10% will develop a diabetic foot ulcer. If not properly managed, the complications of diabetic foot ulcers can lead to lower-limb amputation, significantly reducing mortality rate for those living with the disease. To help you understand and prevent these issues, we've compiled a list of frequently asked questions (FAQs) about diabetic foot ulcers.

What is a diabetic foot ulcer?

A diabetic foot ulcer is an open wound that typically occurs on the bottom of the foot. It is a relatively common complication for people with diabetes and can develop due to a combination of factors - including poor blood circulation and nerve damage (neuropathy).

Why are people with diabetes at risk?

Diabetes can lead to two major problems that contribute to foot ulcers:

Neuropathy: High blood sugar levels can damage nerves particularly in the feet. This can result in loss of sensation, meaning minor cuts or blisters may go unnoticed and untreated.

Poor Circulation: Diabetes can also affect blood flow, making it harder for wounds and infections to heal.

What are the early signs of a foot ulcer?

Early signs can be subtle but include:

  • Unusual swelling, redness and warmth (hot spots) around the foot.
  • Unexplained pain or tingling especially if you have neuropathy.
  • Any cuts, blisters or sores that are slow to heal.

How can I prevent diabetic foot ulcers?

Prevention is key in managing diabetic foot ulcers and can be achieved through several avenues:

  • Regular foot inspections: Check your feet daily for any cuts, blisters, redness, swelling, or nail problems.
  • Proper footwear: Wear shoes that fit well and provide adequate support, especially if the feet are swollen. Make sure to measure your feet properly and ask your podiatrist for footwear recommendations and where suitable diabetic insoles may be suggested.
  • Good foot hygiene: Wash your feet daily with mild soap and warm water. Dry them thoroughly, especially between the toes. Wear clean or ideally specially designed diabetic socks.
  • Moisturise the feet: Keep your feet hydrated with a moisturising and/or anti-fungal foot cream.
  • Routine check-ups: Regular visits to a podiatrist can help catch problems early. It is crucial to seek medical advice as soon as you believe you have a diabetic foot ulcer developing.
  • Pressure off-loading devices: If you are immobile for several hours a day, pressure off-loading devices like the Levabo Heel Up will help to prevent foot ulcers from forming.

What should I do if I develop a foot ulcer?

If you notice any signs of an ulcer, seek medical advice immediately. Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent infection and other complications. A podiatrist is the best person for the job and may recommend:

  • Cleaning the ulcer and removing dead skin (debridement)
  • Applying special dressings to promote healing
  • Taking antibiotics if there’s an infection
  • Using offloading devices like insoles or special footwear to relieve pressure on the ulcer.

Can diabetic foot ulcers be cured?

With early and proper treatment, many diabetic foot ulcers can heal effectively. However, the healing process can be slow and may require a combination of treatments. Consistent management of blood sugar levels is also crucial in promoting healing and preventing recurrence.

What are the complications of untreated foot ulcers?

Untreated foot ulcers can lead to serious complications, including:

  • Infections: Which can spread to the bone and other areas
  • Gangrene: Severe infection leading to tissue death
  • Amputation: In extreme cases, to prevent the spread of infection

How important is blood sugar management?

Managing your blood sugar levels is vital in preventing diabetic foot ulcers. High blood sugar can impede the healing process and increase the risk of complications. Work with your doctor to develop a plan that helps keep your blood sugar levels within a healthy range.

Where can I find more information and support?

There are many resources available to support those with diabetes:

NHS: The NHS website provides comprehensive advice on managing diabetes and foot health.

Diabetes UK: This charity offers a wealth of information, support groups, and resources for people living with diabetes.

Diabetic foot ulcers are a serious but manageable complication of diabetes. By understanding the risks and taking proactive steps to care for your feet, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing ulcers. Always consult with healthcare professionals if you notice any problems with your feet and maintain regular check-ups to ensure your foot health is closely monitored.

Stay proactive, stay informed, and keep your feet healthy!

For more detailed advice and support, don’t hesitate to reach out to your GP or a qualified podiatrist. Your feet deserve the best care, and with the right knowledge, you can keep them in top condition.

Algeos Diabetic Foot Products:

Arthritic and Diabetic Insoles

Diabetic Socks

Diabetic Shoes and Arthritis Footwear